The Gulf region is witnessing an unprecedented rail boom that is setting the stage for a new era of regional integration and sustainable economic growth, powered by multi-billion-dollar investments in modern infrastructure across the GCC. Projects such as Etihad Rail in the UAE, the Hafeet Rail connection with Oman and Saudi Arabia’s Landbridge are central to a broader vision of regional connectivity.
“These initiatives are designed to link cities, ports, and economic hubs through a seamless network. The 2,177-kilometre GCC Railway project reflects the shared ambition of Gulf states to create an integrated transport ecosystem,” says David Franks, Managing Director of Keolis MHI, a subsidiary of Keolis Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineering (MHI) and Mitsubishi Corporation.
Franks highlights the role of rail in achieving environmental sustainability, calling it one of the most energy-efficient and low-emission modes of transport. The region has already begun pioneering efforts in the area, most notably with Saudi Arabia’s trial of a hydrogen-powered train, the first of its kind in the Middle East.
The ongoing transformation in Gulf transportation is underpinned by advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, predictive maintenance systems, smart ticketing, and real-time passenger updates. These innovations, he adds, are enhancing passenger experience while improving efficiency, safety and operational excellence.
According to Franks, close collaboration between governments and operators is critical to ensure that projects are delivered efficiently, resiliently and in line with public expectations.
The second phase of Etihad Rail commenced operations in February 2023, extending the network to 900 kilometres. While freight services are operational, passenger services are still under planning. The Hafeet Rail project - a $3 billion joint venture between Etihad Rail, Oman Rail, and Mubadala - aims to link Abu Dhabi with the port city of Sohar via a 303-kilometre line.
On the Saudi front, the Landbridge Project consists of a 950-kilometre freight line between Jeddah and Riyadh, and an additional 115-kilometre track connecting Dammam to Jubail. This network, Franks says, will significantly boost east-west freight movement across the Kingdom.
Looking ahead, the GCC Railway Network, slated for completion by 2030, will redefine regional mobility by streamlining trade and facilitating smooth cross-border passenger movement across Gulf nations, he says.
“The region's rail renaissance goes beyond infrastructure development,” concludes Franks. “It represents a global model for modern, sustainable and tech-enabled transport systems built on innovation, collaboration, and a forward-looking vision.”